Debt Collection Process
When you default on a loan or pay less than your contractual agreement – for instance, you have to pay a set percentage of the amount owing on credit cards or a minimum payment – your account will be passed to the firm’s own internal debt collection people. They will contact you to try to recover what is owed and to check your circumstances.
Most banks and financial organisations prefer – at least initially – to handle debt problems themselves. However, if the situation continues for any length of time or they are unable to come to an agreement with you, or you ignore their letters and/or phone calls, they may pass the debt on to a collection agency or try to recover their money some other way.
Any debt collection agency used by your creditors must work within the same legal restraints as the original financial organisation and cannot, for instance, try to demand money under threat of physical violence.
Often the letter you receive will indicate that you have to pay the full outstanding balance of the debt with a threat that if you do not, further serious action will be taken. Some people get frightened by this but it is essential you respond indicating why you cannot pay the full amount and sending a copy of your budget and repayment proposals.
Provided that you maintain the proposed payments, update the information in your budget when asked by your creditors to do so and provide evidence (like bank statements and payslips) when they are requested, most creditors should be prepared to help. However, if you do not voluntarily make payments to reduce your debts or keep to your repayment arrangement, the original financial organisation or the collection agency may apply to get a County Court Judgment(s) against you. In this case you will usually be sent a claim form. This gives you an opportunity to respond – either by defending the claim if you dispute it (using the form known as an N9B) or by offering to repay the debt by instalments (using the N9A form which has to be completed with the same sort of information that is included in your budget). In most cases, provided you complete this form, your proposals are realistic and you keep up the payments, no further action will be taken.
If you wish you can attend a hearing and explain your circumstances and present your personal budget but this is not normally necessary as long as you have returned the relevant paperwork within the time allowed and your budget is a realistic one. Failure to keep up the payments agreed can lead to further action. If you are employed and fail to make payments to a CCJ, an attachment of earnings order may be made against you. That means the instalments due will be taken directly from your salary by your employer before the balance is passed on to you.
If you are under a judgment(s) from the Court and fail to keep up payments, the creditor also has the right to instruct bailiffs to recover the amount due. This is the likely course of action if you are not working or are self employed and fail to keep up the agreed payments. Bailiffs might also be sent if you fail to reply to any letter from the Court that seeks further clarification of your position.
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